Filter Distribution Among Vulnerable Populations
Case Example of Direct Filter Distribution in Charleston, WV
Project Overview
In accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI), West Virginia American Water is replacing lead service lines throughout the state and is canvassing over 86,000 service lines of unknown materials within its Kanawha Valley Regional Water System, serving Charleston, West Virginia and surrounding areas.
West Virginia American Water distributed water pitchers and a 6-month supply of filters to all members of the community who have found lead service lines in or around their homes. American Water utilized a work and asset management system to track filter distribution. This system efficiently tracks all correspondence related to filters and provides features for designating properties as multi-unit, as well as recording distribution dates and lead service line replacement timelines. Under the initiative, schools and licensed child care centers are highly prioritized because of the elevated health risks of lead exposure to children.
In addition to the comprehensive filter distribution program, West Virginia American Water launched a robust education campaign to notify residents of lead service line replacement and the importance of filter use.
Project Timeline
West Virginia American Water will replace lead and galvanized service lines as they are discovered from 2024 to 2026. Between 2027 and 2037, they will implement an annual goal of replacing 10% of additional lead and GRR lines, until all lines are replaced.
Best Practices
Prioritize Vulnerable Populations and High-Risk Areas
When planning filter distribution, West Virginia American Water demonstrated that it is critical to prioritize locations that serve vulnerable populations, such as schools, licensed childcare centers, and other community facilities where children or at-risk individuals spend significant time. These populations are particularly sensitive to the effects of lead exposure, making it essential to allocate resources to these areas first.
Utilize a Comprehensive Tracking System
A well-designed tracking system is essential for the effective management of a large-scale filter distribution initiative. West Virginia American Water’s utilization of a work and asset management system serves as a model, tracking all correspondence, distribution dates, and properties affected by lead service lines. Additionally, the ability to designate multi-unit properties ensures accurate record-keeping for apartments, duplexes, and other shared living spaces, reinforcing transparency, preventing duplication, and enabling seamless integration with service line replacement schedules.
Provide Adequate Supplies for Long-Term Use
Distributing an adequate supply of water filters ensures that residents can effectively reduce lead exposure while waiting for lead service lines to be replaced. This long-term approach minimizes the logistical burden of constant purchase orders for filters and instills confidence in the community by addressing their needs promptly. Providing clear instructions on proper filter use, replacement, and maintenance is equally important to ensure the effectiveness of the intervention. Collaborating with manufacturers to secure reliable, high-quality filters and arranging for their timely replenishment can further strengthen the program.
Develop a Robust Education Campaign
Public education is a cornerstone of any successful filter distribution and lead service line replacement program. As demonstrated by West Virginia American Water, an effective education campaign should use multiple communication channels to inform residents about the risks of lead exposure, the importance of using the provided filters, and the steps being taken to replace lead service lines. Effective means of communication include in-person community meetings, distribution of easy-to-understand flyers or brochures, online resources, dedicated hotlines to answer questions, and tailoring messages to specific demographics and providing language accessibility. This, combined with regular updates on progress, increases community trust in the water system and public buy-in for a capital-intensive program.